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ObjectiveTo explore the pharmacodynamic ingredients of Zhenqi Fuzheng granules （ZFG） for immunomodulatory through spectrum-effect relationship analysis， which provides experimental basis for improving the quality standard of ZFG. MethodEighteen batches of ZFG from six manufacturers were collected for analysis. The fingerprints were established by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Acetonitrile （A）-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （B） were adopted as the mobile phase with gradient elution （0-15 min， 5%A； 15-23 min， 5%-8%A； 23-30 min， 8%-11%A； 30-45 min， 11%-18%A； 45-60 min， 18%-21%A； 60-67 min， 21%-23%A； 67-90 min， 23%-37%A）， the detection wavelength was 220 nm. Chemometric analysis such as similarity analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis （HCA） were subsequently used to analyze the similarities and chemical differences among these samples. A cyclophosphamide-induced immunodeficiency mouse model was used to evaluate the immune-enhancing effects of the products from different manufacturers. The spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and the immunomodulatory effects was examined using Spearman bivariate correlation analysis. HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry （HPLC-MSn） was used to identify the spectrum-effect related peaks with electrospray ionization， positive and negative ion modes， and scanning range of m/z 100-1 500. ResultThe HPLC fingerprint of ZFG was established， and twenty peaks with good resolution were selected as common peaks. The results of quality analysis and pharmacodynamic test showed there were significant differences in both ingredients content and immune-enhancing effects of ZFG from different manufacturers. Through spectrum-effect relationship study， twelve peaks were screened as bioactive ingredients peaks. Thereafter， eight peaks among them were subsequently identified by HPLC-MSn. They were salidroside （peak 2）， echinacoside （peak 5）， calycosin-7-glucoside （peak 6）， isomer of specnuezhenide （peak 7）， isonuezhenide （peak 9）， calycosin （peak 11）， nuezhenide G13 or oleonuezhenide （peak 14）， and formononetin （peak 18）， respectively. ConclusionThere are differences in quality and efficacy of ZFG produced by different manufacturers. Through spectrum-effect relationship analysis， the medicinal ingredients of ZFG for immune-enhancing effects are screened， which can provide reference for the improvement of its quality standard.
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Objective:To explore the multimorbidity patterns in older inpatients adults, and their differences between Northern and Southern China.Methods:A total of 4 348 elderly patients aged 60 and above from the geriatrics departments of 12 grade A tertiary hospitals in 7 cities in China were investigated.Factor analysis was used to explore the comorbidity patterns and analyze the differences in comorbidity patterns between Southern and Northern China.Results:The study population consisted of 4 348 patients over the age of 60, with an average age of(74.15±8.01)years.The total sample had a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)sampling adequacy index of 0.657 and a cumulative variance percentage of 43.97%.Factor analysis revealed there were five major multimorbidity patterns in the patients.These were: the metabolic pattern; the liver-kidney pattern; the degenerative pattern; the neuropsychiatric pattern; dementia.Further factor analysis for the South and the North was conducted.Older inpatients in Southern regions had a KMO sampling adequacy index of 0.654 and a cumulative variance percentage of 43.50%.In Southern China, the multimorbidity patterns were similar to the overall patterns.In Northern regions, older inpatients had a KMO sampling adequacy index of 0.648 and a cumulative variance percentage of 45.16%.The liver-kidney pattern, metabolic disease pattern, lung-dementia pattern, degenerative disease pattern, and neuropsychiatric pattern were the main multimorbidity patterns in Northern China.Conclusions:Multimorbidity patterns were different between Northern and Southern China and should be differentiated in their management.In the North, older adults should pay more attention to the prevention and management of respiratory system diseases and dementia, while in the South, older adults should pay more attention to the prevention and management of degenerative disease.Early disease prevention based on multimorbidity patterns is one of the approaches to the reduction of chronic diseases in older adults.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and diabetic nephropathy, and to analyze the value of HO-1 and LXA4 in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted in 185 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from January 2016 to January 2020. There were 96 cases with diabetic nephropathy (nephropathy group) and 89 cases without diabetic nephropathy (non nephropathy group). According to the stage of chronic kidney disease,the nephrotic group was divided into three subgroups: stage 1-2 group (31 cases), stage 3-4 group (40 cases) and stage 5 group (25 cases). Another 82 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group.Serum HO-1, LXA4, oxidative stress,inflammatory factors, glucose metabolism and renal function were detected. Pearson analysis of HO-1, LXA4 and oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, glucose metabolism and renal function index correlation, binary logistic regression analysis of diabetic nephropathy factors.Results:The serum HO-1 ((0.60 ± 0.20) μg/L) and LXA4 levels ((435.12 ± 22.42) ng/L) in nephrotic group were lower than those in non nephrotic ((0.72 ± 0.23) μg/L, (498.21 ± 29.48) ng/L)( t=29.351, 24.135, all P<0.05). The serum HO-1 and LXA4 levels in the 5 stage group were lower than those in the 3-4 stage and 1-2 stage group (all P<0.05). The serum HO-1 and LXA4 levels in the 3-4 stage group were lower than those in the 1-2 stage group (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that HO-1 was positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) ( r=0.516, 0.602, 0.617; all P<0.05), and was positively correlated with malondialdehyde (MDA) and homeostasis model insulin resistance (homeostasis model insulin resistance) Model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) LXA4 was negatively correlated with T-AOC, SOD and EGFR ( r=-0.559, 0.597, 0.637; all P<0.05), and positively correlated with MDA, IL-6, TGF-β1, HOMA-IR and UACR There was a negative correlation ( r=-0.498, -0.623, -0.725; all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that malondialdehyde ( OR=1.587, 95% CI 1.402-1.603, P=0.016), TGF-β1 ( OR=1.679, 95% CI 1.642-1.739, P=0.012), HOMA-IR ( OR=1.699、95% CI 1.534-1.739, P=0.009) were risk factors of diabetic nephropathy (all P<0.05). HO-1 ( OR=0.506, 95% CI 0.423-0.653, P<0.001) and LXA4 ( OR=0.492, 95% CI 0.409-0.535, P<0.001) were protective factors for DN ( P<0.001). After adjusting for MDA, TGF-β1 and HOMA-IR, HO-1 ( OR=0.485, 95% CI:0.402-0.564, P<0.001) and LXA4 ( OR=0.416, 95% CI:0.386-0.475, P<0.001) were still associated with DN. ROC analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) of HO-1 and LXA4 were 0.820 (95% CI:0.760-0.880, P<0.001) and 0.763 (95% CI:0.691-0.836, P<0.001), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 71.88%, 80.90%, 75.00% and 84.27%, respectively. Conclusion:The decrease of serum LXA4 and HO-1 levels is closely related to diabetic nephropathy, which can be used as a biological indicator for the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Objective:To explore the predictive value of serum betatrophin and ficolin-3 during early pregnancy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods:Using a prospective research method, from June 2018 to June 2019, 7 to 13 weeks pregnant women were selected in Yan′an Hospital of Kunming City, and their fasting peripheral venous blood samples were reserved. At 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy, oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) was performed. Sixty-five cases were diagnosed as GDM (GDM group), and 60 pregnant women with normal OGGT result and matched age and gestational weeks were selected as normal group. In addition, 60 non-pregnant healthy women with matched age were selected as control group. The serum levels of betatrophin and ficolin-3 were measured in GDM group, normal control group (during 7 to 13 weeks of gestation) and control group were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation between serum betatrophin, ficolin-3 and glycolipid metabolism indexes during 24 to 28 weeks of gestation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum betatrophin and ficolin-3 during early pregnancy for GDM.Results:The serum betatrophin and ficolin-3 in GDM group were significantly higher than those in normal group and control group: (35.69 ± 6.15) ng/L vs. (23.90 ± 7.68) and (19.68 ± 6.33) ng/L, (31.75 ± 10.30) μg/L vs. (22.88 ± 12.71) and (18.47 ± 9.54) μg/L, the betatrophin and ficolin-3 in normal group were significantly higher than those in control group, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The correlation analysis result showed that serum betatrophin was positive correlation with total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) ( r = 0.585, 0.440 and 0.735; P<0.01); the serum ficolin-3 was positively correlated with HbA1c ( r = 0.673, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( r = - 0.520, P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the areas under curve of betatrophin and ficolin-3 for predicting GDM were 0.829 and 0.795, 95% CI 0.753 to 0.905 and 0.718 to 0.872, and the optimum critical values were 27.69 ng/L and 29.72 μg/L, with a sensitivity of 89.36% and 84.58%, a specificity of 72.14% and 79.64% and Yorden index of 0.62 and 0.59. The areas under curve of betatrophin combined with ficolin-3 for predicting GDM was 0.923, 95% CI 0.868 to 0.978, with a sensitivity of 91.25%, a specificity of 87.24% and Yorden index of 0.86. Conclusions:GDM pregnant women have abnormal expression of serum betatrophin and ficolin-3 during early pregnancy, and the indexes are related to glycolipid metabolism. Serum betatrophin and ficolin-3 during early pregnancy have certain predictive value for GDM.
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Objective:To investigate the current status of disability and its associated risk factors in elderly inpatients.Methods:Clinical data of elderly inpatients aged 60 years and above at internal medicine department of 13 Grade-A Tertiary hospitals from 7 cities across China were retrospectively analyzed.A comprehensive health assessment survey for the elderly was conducted.The prevalence of disability and related risk factors were analyzed.Results:The disability rate was 18.8%(817/4 348)in this study.The disability rate was higher in south China than in north China(25.7% or 475/1 851 vs.13.7% or 342/2 497, χ2=99.735, P<0.001), and the disability rate was higher in urban areas than in rural areas(19.7% or 667/3 391 vs.15.7% or 150/957, χ2=7.809, P=0.005). After adjustment for potential confounders, the independent risk factors for disability in elderly inpatients included age(≥75 years), region(living in south China), widowhood, low education level, BMI(<18.5 kg/m 2), low income level(≤2 000 yuan/month), multimorbidity status and daily activity time(<1 hour)(all P<0.05). Conclusions:Disability is common in elderly inpatients in China, and its occurrence can be reduced by controlling chronic diseases, and improving nutrition and other ways.
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Sarcopenic obesity(SO)has been a hot issue in the field of geriatrics.SO is associated with major adverse health consequences such as falls, disability, fractures, cardiometabolic diseases, cancer and death.The pathogenesis of SO is still unclear, mainly involving age-related changes in body composition, chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and sex-specific hormonal changes.Lifestyle interventions, including rational nutrition, physical activity, and especially aerobic exercise and resistance training, are the cornerstones of SO treatment.Emerging therapies include testosterone supplements, selective androgen receptor modulators, myostatin inhibitors, whole body vibration therapy, vitamin K and mesenchymal stem cell therapy.There is an urgent need for researchers and clinicians to have an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of SO and carry out effective prevention and treatment.
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Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is one of the downstream pathways of cytokine signaling transduction. It regulates cell development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and so on. The pathway is not only involved in the regulation of normal physiological processes, but also significant in the development of tumors, especially in hematologic malignancies. In recent years, with the further research of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, it has been found that the pathway also plays a key role in the development of solid tumors. Here we reviewed the research advances of JAK/STAT signaling pathway in lung cancer, especially the mechanisms of development, metastasis and drug resistance, and the application of inhibitors which targeting JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the treatment of lung cancer. .
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Animals , Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Biomedical Research , Methods , Janus Kinases , Metabolism , Lung Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis , STAT Transcription Factors , Metabolism , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and toxic reaction of Tegafur,Gimeraciland Oteracil Potassium Capsule combined with Gemcitabine chemotherapy for patients with radical resection for advanced gallbladder carcinoma.Methods The clinical dataof 135 patients with advanced gallbladder cancer who were admitted to the 1 st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and supported after the gastrectomy by the pathology from June 2007 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into three groups by different therapeutic regimens,operation groups (Radical resection or Extended radical resection of gallbladder carcinoma) with 47 cases,chemotherapy A group (Tegafur,Gimeracil and Oteracil Potassium Capsule combined with Gemcitabine chemotherapy after Radical resection or Extended radical resection of gallbladder carcinoma) with 52 cases,and chemotherapy B group (5-Fluorouracil combined with Oxaliplatin chemotherapy after Radical resection or Extended radical resection of gallbladder carcinoma) with 36 cases.We collected the dates of all patients with the median survival time and the 1,3 and 5-year survival rate after operation,and counted the rate of major toxic reaction after chemotherapy.Results There were no significant differences in the general date of three groups (sex,age,tumor size,CA19-9,CA125,TNM stages,with or without cholecystolithiasis,operation methods,operation complication),The chemotherapy A group and chemotherapy B group had no differenceswiththe median survival time and 1,3 and 5-year survival rate after operation.There were significant differences in the median survival time and 3,5-year survival rate after operation between the operation group and chemotherapy A group (or between the operation group and chemotherapy B group).There were significant differences in the rate of whole toxic reaction and the rate of toxic reaction beyond Ⅲ degree between chemotherapy A group and chemotherapy B group.Conclusions The treatment of Tegafur,Gimeracil and Oteracil Potassium Capsule combined with Gemcitabine chemotherapy for patients with radical resection of advanced gallbladder carcinoma has a lower rate of whole toxic reaction and rate of toxic reaction beyond Ⅲ degree than 5-Fluorouracil combined with Oxaliplatin chemotherapy,and for patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma,the frontal treatment can obviously prolong the median survival time and effectively improve the 3 and 5-year survival rate after operation.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the economical efficiency of 3 therapeutic regimens for hyperthyroidism. METHODS: Medical records of 564 hyperthyroid outpatients were selected from our hospital in 2016, and they were divided into group A (185 cases), group B(191 cases) and group C(188 cases) according to drug use. Group A received Thiamazole tablets 2-4 tablet, once asthecondition gradually reduce th amount to 0. 5-2 tablets orally; group B received Thiamazole tablets (cusage and dosage are the same as group A)+Yikang pills 6 g, bid orally; group C received Thiamazole tablets (cusage and dosage are the same as group A)+ Xiakucao tablets 6 tablets, bid orally. The treatment courses of 3 groups lasted for 10 months. Clinical efficacy the occurrence of ADR and recurrence were observed in 3 groups. The pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis was adopted for the economic evaluation of 3 therapeutic regimens. RESULTS: The tolal response rates of group A, B, C were 94. 06％, 95. 29％, 95. 75％, respectively; total incidence of ADR were 11. 36％, 10. 48％, 10. 11％; there was no statistical significance (P>0. 05). No recurrence occurred in the 3 groups. The average cost of 3 groups were 633. 80, 3 548. 89, 3 596. 00 yuan, respectively. The cost of group A was the lowest. The results of sensitivity analysis were also that the cost of group A was the lowest. CONCLUSIONS: 3 therapeutic regimens show good therapeutic efficacy and safety for hyperthyroidism, among which thiamazole alone has relatively higher pharmacoeconomic significance.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of H-type hypertension among middle-aged and elderly people in Beijing community. Methods A cross-sectional study by recruiting 1 458 middle-aged and elderly people from a cohort of the "Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging" in 2009 was conducted. All participants were asked to complete a standardized questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory examinations. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as homocysteine (Hcy) > 15 μmol/L, and H- type hypertension was defined as having hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia simultaneously. The prevalence of H-type hypertension was estimated by using the results of 2000 Beijing population census to weight the data. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was preformed to estimate the associated factors of H-type hypertension. Results The age was (69.48 ± 8.09) years, and the distribution of Hcy was skewed with the median of 16.56 μmol/L. After weight, the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was 57.20% (834/1 458), and the prevalence of H-type hypertension was 35.32% (515/1 458), accounting for 59.47% (515/866) in patients with hypertension. The ageing, male, hyperuricemia, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and insufficiency of fishes/ shrimps were independent risk factors of H-type hypertension ( OR = 2.30, 1.04, 1.02, 0.95 and 0.67; 95% CI 1.54-3.44, 1.02-1.06, 1.04-1.06, 0.94-0.97 and 0.46-0.97; P＜0.01 or＜0.05). Conclusions The proportion of H-type hypertension is high in the middle-aged and elderly people in Beijing community. Lowering uric acid, protection of renal function and intake sufficient fishes and shrimps might prevent and control H-type hypertension.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in the elderly in China.Methods A randomized stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted.And 5 376 residents aged ≥60 year in 7 Beijing,Xi'an and Harbin in northern China and Chengdu,Chongqing,Changsha and Shanghai in southern China were surveyed.A unified questionnaire was used to collect their basic information,and blood samples were taken from them to detect the level of plasma uric acid (UA).The differences in hyperuricemia prevalence among different groups were compared with x2 test.Results The mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 pmol/L in the elderly surveyed,329.5 μtmol/L in males and 282.7 μmol/L in females,272.4 μmol/L in rural residents and 315.5 μtmol/L in urban residents.Our study showed the prevalence of hypernricemia was 13.1％ in the elderly surveyed.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in women (14.1％) was higher than that in men (12.0％) (P＜0.05);and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in urban residents (15.8％) than in rural residents (6.9％) (P＜0.01);in southern area (16.0％) than in northern area (11.6％) (P＜0.01).Both the plasma UA level and the prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age in those aged ≥60 years.The average prevalence of hyperuricemia were 9.5％,11.9％,14.5％,16.4％ and 21.9％ and the plasma UA levels were 287.7,295.9,308.1,311.6 and 323.3 μmol/L respectively in age group ≥60,65,70,75 and 80 years (P＜0.01).Conclusion The result showed that mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 μtmol/L and the overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.1％ in the elderly surveyed in China.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in females was higher than in males,in urban residents than in rural residents and in southem area than in northern area.Both the UA level and prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in the elderly in China.Methods A randomized stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted.And 5 376 residents aged ≥60 year in 7 Beijing,Xi'an and Harbin in northern China and Chengdu,Chongqing,Changsha and Shanghai in southern China were surveyed.A unified questionnaire was used to collect their basic information,and blood samples were taken from them to detect the level of plasma uric acid (UA).The differences in hyperuricemia prevalence among different groups were compared with x2 test.Results The mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 pmol/L in the elderly surveyed,329.5 μtmol/L in males and 282.7 μmol/L in females,272.4 μmol/L in rural residents and 315.5 μtmol/L in urban residents.Our study showed the prevalence of hypernricemia was 13.1％ in the elderly surveyed.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in women (14.1％) was higher than that in men (12.0％) (P＜0.05);and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in urban residents (15.8％) than in rural residents (6.9％) (P＜0.01);in southern area (16.0％) than in northern area (11.6％) (P＜0.01).Both the plasma UA level and the prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age in those aged ≥60 years.The average prevalence of hyperuricemia were 9.5％,11.9％,14.5％,16.4％ and 21.9％ and the plasma UA levels were 287.7,295.9,308.1,311.6 and 323.3 μmol/L respectively in age group ≥60,65,70,75 and 80 years (P＜0.01).Conclusion The result showed that mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 μtmol/L and the overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.1％ in the elderly surveyed in China.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in females was higher than in males,in urban residents than in rural residents and in southem area than in northern area.Both the UA level and prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age.
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Objective To discuss the relationship between food habits and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), and provide dietary intervention basis for the aged in prevention and cure of HHcy. Methods Participants coming from the cohort of the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging in 2009, were asked to complete a food habits questionnaire and underwent laboratory examinations, including total homocysteine and blood biochemical item. According to effects of food on metabolism of Hcy, the commonly used foods were divided into three kinds: (1)Rich in VitB12 or folic acid or betaine:chicken or duck egg, pork or beef or lamb, bean products and vegetables.(2)Rich in VitB6: fish or shrimp, milk and chicken or duck. (3)Rich in antioxidant: fresh fruit, tea and coffee. According to the intake of frequency, each food was divided into"often eat"and"not often eat"or"not eating". HHcy was defined as>15μmol/L, Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between dietary intake and HHcy, after adjusting confounding factors. Results The prevalence of HHcy was 61.9%(902/1458);accordi ng to the results, for the patients who do not often eat or not eat food rich in VitB12 or folic acid or betaine (chicken or duck egg, bean products and pork or beef or lamb) and VitB6 (fish or shrimp and milk), the risk of HHcy was significantly increased. After adjusting for multiple factors, the risk was still significantly increased, P<0.05. Conclusions Not often eating chicken or duck egg(less than once a day), bean products(less than once a week), fish or shrimp(less than twice a month) and not eating pork or beef or lamb or milk, were independtly associated with the increasing risk of HHcy in elderly people.
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Objective To discuss the relationship between food habits and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), and provide dietary intervention basis for the aged in prevention and cure of HHcy. Methods Participants coming from the cohort of the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging in 2009, were asked to complete a food habits questionnaire and underwent laboratory examinations, including total homocysteine and blood biochemical item. According to effects of food on metabolism of Hcy, the commonly used foods were divided into three kinds: (1)Rich in VitB12 or folic acid or betaine:chicken or duck egg, pork or beef or lamb, bean products and vegetables.(2)Rich in VitB6: fish or shrimp, milk and chicken or duck. (3)Rich in antioxidant: fresh fruit, tea and coffee. According to the intake of frequency, each food was divided into"often eat"and"not often eat"or"not eating". HHcy was defined as>15μmol/L, Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between dietary intake and HHcy, after adjusting confounding factors. Results The prevalence of HHcy was 61.9%(902/1458);accordi ng to the results, for the patients who do not often eat or not eat food rich in VitB12 or folic acid or betaine (chicken or duck egg, bean products and pork or beef or lamb) and VitB6 (fish or shrimp and milk), the risk of HHcy was significantly increased. After adjusting for multiple factors, the risk was still significantly increased, P<0.05. Conclusions Not often eating chicken or duck egg(less than once a day), bean products(less than once a week), fish or shrimp(less than twice a month) and not eating pork or beef or lamb or milk, were independtly associated with the increasing risk of HHcy in elderly people.
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Objective To investigate the risks of self-rated health in the ≥55-year elderly in Beijing and the occurrence of stroke.Methods The subjects (n=2 101;aged ≥55) from Beijing longitudinal study of aging (BLSA) were collected by Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 1992 to December 2016.One hundred and twenty-one subjects with stroke at baseline and 92 with incomplete information were excluded,and finally,1 888 elderly patients without cerebrovascular disease at baseline were included in the analysis.Based on the actual situation,the self-rated health was to identify an item that matched their current state from good,general to poor.The deadline for the survey was December 31,2012.The competitive risk model was used to assess the health self-rated status and the risk of stroke.Non-stroke deaths,including cancer and car accidents were treated as competitive events.Results Of the 1 888 subjects enrolled,946 (50.1%) self-rated health were good,616 (32.6%) were general,and 326 (17.3%) were poor;438 (23.2%) had stroke,751 (37.8%) had non-stroke death,and 699 (37.0%) were right censored data.Using the competing risk model and adjusting the age,sex,living area,marital status,education level,smoking,alcohol consumption,physical exercise,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,coronary heart disease,and body mass index,the occurrence of stroke in patients with poor self-rated health was 1.44 times (95%CI 1.11-1.87,P<0.01) as good as those who were good.Conclusion In the self-rated health of the elderly ≥55 years old in Beijing,the people with poor self-rated health increased the occurrence of stroke after considering the competitive risks.
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AIM: To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of punctoplasty by using trabeculectomy punch combined with a novel RS tube for the treatment of punctal stenosis.METHODS: Totally 39 patients (39 eyes) with punctual stenosis were selected from October 2013 to October 2015 in the Second People`s Hospital of Foshan.All patients underwent punctoplasty by using trabeculectomy punch combined with a novel RS tube.These tubes were removed at 3mo after operation.A follow-up of 6mo was taken for final analysis.The fluorescein dye disappearance test score was recorded before the operation and at 1,3 and 6mo after the extubation.The curative effect of the operation at 6mo after the extubation was assess.RESULTS: Fluorescein dye disappearance test: the scores at 1,3 and 6mo after the extubation all decreased compared with the preoperative ones.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At the last following up, 35 eyes (90%) were cured completely, 4 eyes (10%) were improved significantly, no patients recurred.Effective rate was 100%.No serious intraoperative and postoperative complications happened.CONCLUSION: Punctoplasty by using trabeculectomy punch combined with novel RS tubes is a safe and effective method for the punctul stenosis, which is easy to perform, with high success rate.
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Objectives To explore the status and characteristics of changes in lung function in the elderly in communities of Beijing,and to provide reference for improving the prevention and control of chronic lung disease in the elderly.Methods A stratified,segmented and cluster sampling method was used to investigate 1 144 subjects aged 60 years and over in communities of Beijing (Huairou District,Daxing District rural area and Xicheng District).Health status and pulmonary function were assessed,and characteristics of lung functions and their changes were analyzed in the elderly.Results The average vital capacity(VC)was 2.53L,and forced vital capacity(FVC) was 2.29 L,forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)was 1.81 L,1 second rate (FEV1/FVC) was 83.42 ％.Static vital capacity was decreased in 1/3 of the elderly,and dynamic vital capacity,including FVC and FEV1,was reduced in about half of the elderly.Ratio of decline in lung function in the elderly was higher in male and in urban area than in women and in rural areas.Ratio of decline in each index of pulmonary ventilation function showed a significantly increased tendency along with the ageing.Lung dysfunction types in the elderly included a restricted (23.5％)and obstructive ventilation disorder (19.7％)and mixed ventilation disorder(12.8％).Conclusions The ratio of decline in lung function in the elderly is increased along with aging,and more significantly higher in female and in urban than in male and in countryside.Restrictive ventilation disorder in the elderly is more often in urban areas,while obstructive ventilation disorder occurs mostly in rural areas.Corresponding measures should be adopted for different groups of people.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality among the elderly in Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This analysis was based on the Beijing multidimensional longitudinal study of aging (BLSA), which included 2,090 subjects over 55 years old and was followed-up from 1992 to 2012. BMI-mortality curves were drawn to find the optimal BMI range with the lowest mortality. Cox proportional hazard models were used to obtain the hazard ratios (HRs) for BMI and BMI changes in the overall population and in specific stratified populations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During follow-up, 1,164 deaths were recorded; BMI-mortality curve was U-shaped, with the lowest mortality at a BMI of approximately 25 kg/m2. After adjusting for gender, age, smoking, drinking and some pre-existing diseases, HRs for underweight, overweight and obesity compared with normal weight were 1.372 (95% CI: 1.154-1.631), 0.767 (95% CI: 0.666-0.884) and 0.871 (95% CI: 0.830-1.246), respectively. HR for BMI drop was 3.245 (95% CI: 0.824-12.772) in the underweight group and 1.892 (95% CI: 0.830-1.246) in the normal weight group, HR for BMI rise was 1.795 (95% CI: 1.243-2.591) in normal weight group and 1.962 (95% CI: 1.202-3.203) in the overweight group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Keeping BMI in an overweight status and stable is related to a reduced mortality.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Beijing , Body Mass Index , Chronic Disease , Mortality , Cohort Studies , Proportional Hazards Models , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective This study focused on the proportions of disability in old people of China (rural and urban) and the demographic characteristics of disability.Methods Random sampling was used that including stratified,multiple-stage,and cluster sampling methods.This research project was conducted in 7 municipalities (north,south) of China,including 6 864 urban and rural people aged 60 and above.Interviewers used unified questionnaire and performed door to door.Basic and related information on disability of the community elderly were gathered.x2 test was used to compare the differences of rates on the extent of disability among different groups of elderly.Results Health condition and disability assessment on 6 864 urban and rural elderly living in the communities were analyzed.The overall mean rate of disability in the elderly was 7.0％,with the proportion of disability in women (7.9％) significantly higher than in men (6.0％) (P＜0.01).Proportions of disability in rural areas (10.9％) were significantly higher than those in urban areas (4.7％) (P＜0.01).Region wise,it was also seen higher in the north (7.6％) than in the south (5.4％) (P＜0.01) parts of the country.The rates of disability in cities as Beijing,Chongqing,Haerbin,Chengdu,Xi'an,Changsha,Shanghai were 5.7％,5.3％,4.5％,3.9％,3.0％,2.3％,1.2％ (P＜0.01) respectively with Beijing being the highest and Shanghai being the lowest,all with statistical significances.Mean disability rates in the age groups of 60-,65-,70-,75-and ≥80 were 2.5％,4.0％,5.3％,9.9％ and 25.1％ (P＜0.01) respectively,with the rising rates of disability parallel to the increase of age.Conclusion In China,the overall rate of disability in the elderly (urban and rural community) was 7.0％.The rates of disability were significantly higher in women than in men,in rural than in urban areas and higher in the north than in the south parts of the country.The rates of disability were increasing along with age of the elderly.
ABSTRACT
China has entered an aging society,the disabled elder population has been≥10 000 000.The overall health status of the elderly is not optimistic,they have higher morbidity and disability rates.Several studies have showed that elderly disability rate varied with age,gender and living area.And it might be affected by the health factors,sociological factors,and other life behavior factors.It is very important to conduct further study of the epidemiology of disability in the elderly for the development of long-term health care policy in this population.